that reducing the validity of the avatar’s gaze direction to 20% would have little effect upon participants’ performance. On the other hand, contra Samson and colleagues’ interpretation of the finding as evidence of a mechanism for automatic perspective-taking, a complementary approach predicts that various other systems can cooperate with the systems engaged in this paradigm. Thus, we predict that performance in the Samson paradigm could be modulated by manipulating participants’ social knowledge, such as their beliefs about the avatar, e.g. about whether the avatar is sighted or blind, whether a pair of goggles that s/he is wearing is transparent or opaque, etc. Intriguingly, this latter prediction is motivated by the findings of Teufel et al. (2009), who reported that participants’ processing of gaze direction was facilitated when a subject believed that a person wearing goggles was able to see through them (as opposed to the goggles being opaque). In sum, the identification of a domain-general attentional process (spatial cueing) that is engaged in a social context raises important further questions about how that domain-general process functions in this specific context, and about what other domain-specific social-perceptual and social-cognitive processes may also be at work.