This paper presents a theoretical framework that relates agency theory to management’s choice of accounting methods. Agency theory assumes that individuals are rational and maximize their utility. Within the context of the firm. This implies conflicts of interests among managers, Shareholders, and debt holders. The theory postulates that these parties mitigate the conflicts via contracting. These contracts, together with the presence of efficient capital, corporate control, and managerial lab our markets align their interests and lead them to pursue firm value maximization . the role of accounting in contracts and firm value maximization is examined. The implications of this theoretical framework for the accounting profession are discussed.