Pigment concentrations decreased significantly in plants exposed
to Cu concentrations above 2.5 mmol L1 in the nutrient
solution (ANOVA, Tukey test, p < 0.05 in all cases; Fig. 5A–C). Relative
to the control, reductions in Chl a, Chl b and Cx+c, in plants
treated with 9 and 23 mmol L1 Cu, were around 22% and 45%
respectively.