A company that chooses not to use the direct method for reporting operating cash – flow information must report the same amount of operating cash flow by adjusting net income to reconcile it with operating cash flow. This method of reporting is termed the indirect method. the require adjustments include the effect of past deferrals of operating cash receipts and payments: accruals of expected operating cash receipts and payments; and the effect of items related to investing and financing activities such as depreciation, amortization of goodwill, and gains or losses on the sale of property, plant, and equipment