Currently the
predominant material used by research groups for the fabrication of microfluidic systems in the poly
(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) [15] despite the wealth of alternative fabrication materials, such as polymers, paper,
silicon, etc. Processes using PDMS have been significantly refined since their original introduction to the lab on a
chip community, with a wealth of demonstrated fabrication techniques and generic components found in the literature.
However, PDMS is limited in its commercial application owing to the difficulty in up scaling of mass manufacturing
and the relatively high cost compared to alternatives such as polymers.