MATHEMATICAL SOLUTIONS
Mathematical solutions to the Laplace equation have long been of interest to mathematicians.
There are relatively few closed form (exact) solutions, and these apply to simple problems such
as flow to a fully penetrating well from a radial source. There are many approximate solutions
using complex variables, various transformation and mapping techniques, methods of
fragmentation, etc., that permit solution of a wide variety of problems. Most of these methods
are too complex for design engineers. However, many problems and solutions have been
reduced to graphical plots that, if available, can provide quick approximate answers. More
information on mathematical solutions can be found in Groundwater and Seepage by M.E. Harr.