was produced with a yield of 10–11% and a yield of bio-ethanol
of 10% (w/w) of red algae dry weight, in the case when dry weight
of the extracts was over 50% of the dry weight of red algae. To
maintain high pulp quality and a high ethanol yield, addition of sodium
thiosulfate in the red algae extraction process as additive was
very helpful. The concentration of the fermentation inhibitors in
the extracts were also lowered by the additive. In the future, production
cost of ethanol may become much lower if red algae pulp
production becomes economically profitable. In that case, the ethanol
can be produced from the agar extracted from the algae.