The special issue starts with the paper of Smit and Birri on rubrics as assessment tools of and for learning. They conducted a study in which mathematical reasoning competencies in primary school were assessed by means of using standards-based rubric. The study aims to evaluate the use of this tool in supporting teachers to teach and to help them assess student learning aligned to standards. Results show that working with the rubric fostered the teachers’ and the students’ understanding of the standard, enabled the students to self- and peer-assess and allowed teachers to provide effective feedback.