In this section, we illustrate the results of a port impact study for the FVG Region, located in the North-east of Italy, that – with reference to the criteria set by Dooms et al (2011) – has the following characteristics: it combines both a top-down and bottom-up approach; it builds a bi-regional I-O table and makes use of a bi-regional I-O model; it is based on ad hoc surveys; it estimates both direct (employment, output, value added) and indirect impacts. It does not set specific geographical boundaries; it encompasses several ports, aggregated into a single port system; it provides information on the sectoral boundaries. Furthermore, the substitution issue is dealt with within the I-O framework.