3.2.2. L-lactic acid production in SSF process
Fig. 5 shows the fermentation time course data, including glucose, xylose, lactic acid, and ethanol concentration profiles, during the SSF process at differentsubstrate loadings. At 5% substrate loading (Fig. 5A), there was initially a fast accumulation of glucose, which reached 16 g L-1 by 12 h, indicating that the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis was significantly higher than sugar fermentation in this period.