On the basis of efficiency and cost, R32 offers an attractive Low-GWP/Low-LCCP solution for mainstream A/C and H/P applications with performance comparable to R410A. This is based on drop-in evaluation with R410A optimized components and could be potentially improved by further optimizing the compressor and system towards achieving its theoretical potential as well as mitigating its higher compressor discharge temperature and finding new compatible oils. Its GWP of 675 can be equivalent to 500 GWP when factoring in its 15% lower system charge. Its heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics are synergistic with the direction of lower-charge, lower-leak compact heat exchangers for further mitigating the GWP phase down as well as the A2L flammability. R32 can serve as the initial candidate for new equipment to meet any potential HFC phase down proposal for at least until 2020+. It is still uncertain what GWP will ultimately be needed to meet the suggested 15% cap in the NAP proposal by 2030+ due to uncertain future R410A build up in the aftermarket service sector.