Some firms may involuntarily adopt IAS as a consequence of other decisions they make in response to changes in incentives, for example, the requirement to apply IAS of a stock exchange on which a firm decides to list securities. Any observed improvement, in accounting quality could be attributable solely to the fact that the new exchange requires IAS, and even if the firm did not list on the new exchange we might observe an increase in quality under the firm’s domestic standards. Unlabulated findings reveal that eliminating cross-listed firms from the sample has no effect on our inferences.