2.1. How Do Antipsychotics Lead to Hyperprolactinaemia?
A great number of studies have investigated antipsychotic
medication and its important effects on human endocrine
function. In everyday practice, there are drugs that reduce
hypothalamic dopamine secretion and pituitary activation
and result in hyperprolactinaemia [3–8].
Conventional antipsychotic agents and some, but not
all, of the marketed novel agents, elevate serum prolactin
levels via inhibition of dopamine action at D2 receptors in
the tuberoinfundibular system of hypothalamus, where prolactin
secretion is regulated. Specifically, the neurotransmitter
dopamine, which acts as the primary prolactin inhibiting
factor, is provided to the pituitary gland by the dopaminergic
neurons of the periventricular and arcuate nuclei of
the medial basal hypothalamus, through the pituitary venus
2.1. How Do Antipsychotics Lead to Hyperprolactinaemia?A great number of studies have investigated antipsychoticmedication and its important effects on human endocrinefunction. In everyday practice, there are drugs that reducehypothalamic dopamine secretion and pituitary activationand result in hyperprolactinaemia [3–8].Conventional antipsychotic agents and some, but notall, of the marketed novel agents, elevate serum prolactinlevels via inhibition of dopamine action at D2 receptors inthe tuberoinfundibular system of hypothalamus, where prolactinsecretion is regulated. Specifically, the neurotransmitterdopamine, which acts as the primary prolactin inhibitingfactor, is provided to the pituitary gland by the dopaminergicneurons of the periventricular and arcuate nuclei ofthe medial basal hypothalamus, through the pituitary venus
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