Waste landfill sites in Japan are classified into three categories: Least Controlled Landfill Site for non-hazardous wastes, Controlled Landfill Site for municipal solid waste (MSW) under the incinerated and/or organic refuse conditions and non-hazardous wastes, and Strictly Controlled Landfill Site for hazardous wastes.The limited numbers of disposal sites are expected to be filled up with waste materials in the near future and many local governments are struggling to secure new disposal sites, while the prefectural government has been engaging a large-scale reclamation nearby Tokyo and Osaka Bays for disposal of waste and surplus materials. illegal dumping and improper treatment of waste, especially sludge and destruction rubbishes from construction works are recent serious social problems. It is important to grasp the waste characteristics and the generating conditions. The former includes whether the waste material is inorganic or organic, whether it contains toxic and harmful substances or not. The latter means when, where, and how waste materials are generated.