Characteristics of the Participants
Blacks (1181 participants) and whites (904 participants) were similar in terms of age, sex, BMI, and menopausal status (Table 1TABLE 1
Characteristics of the Study Participants Overall and According to Race.
). Blacks were more likely than whites to be impoverished, to be active smokers, and to have microalbuminuria. Blacks were less likely than whites to have received a diagnosis of osteoporosis or to have been prescribed osteoporosis therapies. Use of hormone-replacement therapy and medications that affect vitamin D metabolism (e.g., antiepileptic agents and glucocorticoids) was uncommon (Table 1).