Some of these warning signals
included a memo about supplier quality problems, reports of accidents and
complaints about the vehicles in overseas markets, and reports from their own
risk management department. In both the Coca-Cola and Ford crises, leaders
failed in their sense making by not adequately attuning to or taking action on
key events that presented themselves prior to the crisis.
Perspective taking. The ability to entertain or assume the perspective of another
has been identified as a key element to social functioning