The small groups of protein were clearly observed near the lump of starch as the red color in the dried rice noodle without NaCl (Fig. 2A). In contrast, the well-developed protein network was clearly observed as a yellow fibrous structure throughout the noodle (Fig. 2B). This indicated that the presence of NaCl enhanced the network forming protein. Ellepola and Ma (2006) reported that the addition of NaCl influences the electrostatic interaction of charged and polar groups of rice globulin and also modifies the hydrophobic interactions. Therefore, in the presence of NaCl in rice noodle, the rice protein molecules may be in the form of charged molecules and the charged protein molecules may affect the cross linkage and the protein network formation. The formation of the protein network in rice noodle may have maintained the internal structure of the noodle during steaming, resulting in a smoother surface with less pores as shown in Fig. 1. Similar to our result, Dexter et al. (1979) reported that the use of 2% NaCl in wheat noodle dough gave a more uniform protein network (gluten) than that without salt, resulting in a smoother and more uniform appearance of the internal surface.
 
The small groups of protein were clearly observed near the lump of starch as the red color in the dried rice noodle without NaCl (Fig. 2A). In contrast, the well-developed protein network was clearly observed as a yellow fibrous structure throughout the noodle (Fig. 2B). This indicated that the presence of NaCl enhanced the network forming protein. Ellepola and Ma (2006) reported that the addition of NaCl influences the electrostatic interaction of charged and polar groups of rice globulin and also modifies the hydrophobic interactions. Therefore, in the presence of NaCl in rice noodle, the rice protein molecules may be in the form of charged molecules and the charged protein molecules may affect the cross linkage and the protein network formation. The formation of the protein network in rice noodle may have maintained the internal structure of the noodle during steaming, resulting in a smoother surface with less pores as shown in Fig. 1. Similar to our result, Dexter et al. (1979) reported that the use of 2% NaCl in wheat noodle dough gave a more uniform protein network (gluten) than that without salt, resulting in a smoother and more uniform appearance of the internal surface.
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