Cold-tolerant Enterobacteriaceae (e.g., Hafnia alvei, Serratia liquefaciens, Enterobacter agglomerans) also occur on chilled meat stored aerobically but in terms of numbers they do not contribute to the microbial associations. Although rarely, if ever, contributing significantly to the spoilage flora on meat and meat products, Enterobacteriaceae have been considered as indicators of food safety. With ground beef, Pantoea agglomerans, Escherichia coli, and Serratia liquefaciens were the major representatives of this family.