4 Conclusions
A growing need for sustainability initiatives in the field of
nanotechnology has brought about the development of
green synthetic procedures for the creation of AuNPs and
AgNPs, a development which is rapidly replacing
traditional chemical syntheses. This transition has many
advantages, including the decreased use of chemicals that
are toxic to our health and environment and the creation of
a collection of nanocomposites with many novel
applications in nanobiotechnology. Recently, various types
of natural products which serve a dual role as both
the reducing and stabilising agents have been used in the
synthesis of bioactive nanoparticles, including the
polysaccharides and phytochemicals discussed here.
As summarised in this review, polysaccharides and
phytochemicals possess their own biological activities
which together with the intrinsic biological activities of
metallic nanoparticles often show synergistic effects
as nanocomposites, such as HA-based nanoparticles.
By itself, the bioactive polysaccharide HA exhibits
excellent biocompatibility, giving it several medical and
cosmetic applications including its use as a biological
scaffold for the treatment and healing of wounds. Silver,
silver ions, and more recently AgNPs, are known to possess
antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. Together, AgNPs
nanoparticles synthesised by HA possess a synergetic
antibacterial activity and biocompatibility that makes them a
good candidate for use in medical applications. One day
these Ag-HA nanocomposites may well become a common
place part of medical devices, integrated into everything
from surgical tools to the bandages we use for minor cuts
and scrapes. As the field of nanobiotechnology grows, our
use and development of biologically active natural products
in composite nanoparticles will continue to expand.
Fortunately, nature has provided a massive number of
4 Conclusions
A growing need for sustainability initiatives in the field of
nanotechnology has brought about the development of
green synthetic procedures for the creation of AuNPs and
AgNPs, a development which is rapidly replacing
traditional chemical syntheses. This transition has many
advantages, including the decreased use of chemicals that
are toxic to our health and environment and the creation of
a collection of nanocomposites with many novel
applications in nanobiotechnology. Recently, various types
of natural products which serve a dual role as both
the reducing and stabilising agents have been used in the
synthesis of bioactive nanoparticles, including the
polysaccharides and phytochemicals discussed here.
As summarised in this review, polysaccharides and
phytochemicals possess their own biological activities
which together with the intrinsic biological activities of
metallic nanoparticles often show synergistic effects
as nanocomposites, such as HA-based nanoparticles.
By itself, the bioactive polysaccharide HA exhibits
excellent biocompatibility, giving it several medical and
cosmetic applications including its use as a biological
scaffold for the treatment and healing of wounds. Silver,
silver ions, and more recently AgNPs, are known to possess
antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. Together, AgNPs
nanoparticles synthesised by HA possess a synergetic
antibacterial activity and biocompatibility that makes them a
good candidate for use in medical applications. One day
these Ag-HA nanocomposites may well become a common
place part of medical devices, integrated into everything
from surgical tools to the bandages we use for minor cuts
and scrapes. As the field of nanobiotechnology grows, our
use and development of biologically active natural products
in composite nanoparticles will continue to expand.
Fortunately, nature has provided a massive number of
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