(iv) Tear down time. This is the time required to remove the tools from the machine and to clean the tools and the machine after the last component of the batch has been machined.
(v) Down or lost time. This is the unavoidable time lost by the operator due to breakdowns, waiting for the tools and materials etc.
(vi) Allowance. The total time to perform an operation also includes time for personal needs of the operator, time to change or resharpen the tools etc. The time for all these allowance is taken to be about 20 percent of the sum of all other times and then the total time for the operation is obtained.