Collective bargaining negotiations between labor unions and corporate employers include sensitive topics such as pension plans, health benefits, working conditions, pay rates, hours worked per week, and number of paid days of leave, and are partly governed and mandated by external laws. As the goals of the negotiating parties are often incompatible, conflicts between management and unions are likely. Negotiations with unions are thus considered to be important and sensitive. The higher the rate of unionization within an enterprise, and the more power unions gain, the more complex bargaining negotiations become, especially when there is a variety of unions (Craver 1997; Jackson and Schuler 1999). As our interviews indicated, conducting these negotiations is a task fulfilled by CHROs. One CHRO described, “I have a very close relationship with labor union representatives; we fight nearly every day.” Admittedly, the union membership rate has recently decreased globally and especially in the US. In 2015, union membership decreased to only 11.1 percent (and 6.6 percent in the private sectors) from 20.1 percent in 1983, according to data from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (http://www.bls.gov/news.release/union2.nr0.htm; retrieved on May 2, 2016). However, unions can put pressure on employers by forming coalitions with other interest groups (e.g., environmental activists) (Tattersall 2010). Furthermore, Huselid (1995) and Pfeffer (1998) state that the existence of and positive relations with unions suit other high performance work practices. They also suggest, at least implicitly, that CHRO representation could signal an appreciation of the importance that unions have for the workplace climate and, eventually, for firm performance. Thus, we propose the following hypothesis: