Methanol extract (one μL) of triphala was injected on a Waters Acquity UPLC system. Separation was performed using a Waters Acquity UPLC T3 column (1.8 μM, 1.0 × 100 mm), using a gradient from solvent A (water, 0.1% formic acid) to solvent B (acetonitrile, 0.1% formic acid). Injections were made in 100% A, which was held for 1 minute; then a 12-minute linear gradient to 95% B was applied and was held at 95% B for 3 minutes. The mobile phase was returned to starting conditions over 0.05 minutes and held for 3.95 minutes. Flow rate was kept constant at 200 μL/min for the duration of the run. The column was held at 50°C and samples were held at 5°C. Column eluent was infused into a Waters Xevo G2 Q-TOF MS fitted with an electrospray source. Data was collected in positive ion mode, scanning from 50 to 1200 at a rate of 0.2 seconds per scan, alternating between MS and data dependent acquisition (DDA) MS/MS mode. Collision energy was set to 6 V for MS mode and ramped from 15 to 30 V for MS/MS mode. Calibration was performed prior to sample analysis via infusion of sodium formate solution with mass accuracy within 1 ppm. The capillary voltage was held at 2200 V, the source temperature at 150°C, and the desolvation temperature at 350°C with a nitrogen desolvation gas flow rate of 800 L/hr. Raw data files were converted to mzXML format using massWolf, and the MS/MS spectra were extracted using XCMS and written to msp format using a custom script in the statistical program R [32]. Later msp files were submitted to MassBank database (http://www.massbank.jp/?lang=en) to obtain the data for identification of tentative compounds present in the methanol extract of triphala. These tentative compounds were identified based on high scores according to Sumner et al. [33]. Comparing retention time and mass spectra to analytical standard, we performed metabolite confirmation for naringin.