Based on microbial resource management, present work led to the isolation of a cellulolytic consortium able to boost anaerobic digestion. Important question behind this approach is the fate of exogenous microbial community during process. Metagenomics pointed out weak richness of community. During cellulose anaero- bic degradation, pH drop induced strong modification of microbial population. Despite weak richness and evenness, the consortium was able to adapt and to maintain cellulolytic potential. This important result point out the fact that simplified or synthetic microbial communities (De Roy et al., 2014) could be used in order to increase process robustness.