control group students
commonly perceived that ‘water in solid phase has the heaviest
and the largest molecules’ in this study. 33% of the control
group students also thought that ‘the particles of a solid have
same properties with a material made of it; for example, the
particles of solids are rigid’, and ‘molecules of solids are more
rigid in comparison with liquids and gases’. The same misconceptions
were revealed also in the researches of Lee et al.
(1993), and Tsai (1999).