Chapter 3 follows the section on Manitoba and contains my research methodology. The focus here is on the epistemological and ontological assumptions that supported the research and on a discussion of research validity. Chapters 4 and 5 are structured as individual journal articles. Chapter 4, to be submitted to Forestry Chronicle, is entitled “The evolution of Manitoba‟s forest policy regime: change in ideas and actors since the 1980s”. This chapter describes the fundamental principles that guide Manitoba‟s forest 6 policy regime and how changes in these principles have become embedded in, and have influenced, the regime. This chapter also describes the main actors involved in the regime and how they have evolved along with the overarching concepts. Finally, emergent opportunities within the regime are discussed along with institutional barriers.