A second contemporary source is the work of economist Glen Loury (1977,
1981). He came upon the term in the context of his critique of neoclassical
theories of racial income inequality and their policy implications. Loury argued
that orthodox economic theories were too individualistic, focusing exclusively
on individual human capital and on the creation of a level field for competition
based on such skills. By themselves, legal prohibitions against employers
racial tastes and implementation of equal opportunity programs
would not reduce racial inequalities. The latter could go on forever, according
to Loury, for two reasonsfirst, the inherited poverty of black parents, which
would be transmitted to their children in the form of lower material resources
and educational opportunities; second, the poorer connections of young black
workers to the labor market and their lack of information about opportunities: