The adaptive shortening or tightness of the pectoralis minor muscle (PMm) is one of the potential
biomechanical mechanisms associated with altered scapular alignment at rest and scapular motion
during arm elevation (scapular dyskinesis) in patients with shoulder complaints. This masterclass briefly
reviews the role of the PMm in shoulder movement-related impairments and provides a critical overview
of the assessment of PMm tightness and the conventional approaches to increase its resting length
and extensibility. A rehabilitation approach focused on PMm stretching and simultaneous optimization
of the kinematic chain of arm elevation is also discussed, hoping to improve the management of shoulder
movement-related impairments and pain.