one another: they must unify nationally on the basis of a centralized
state, urbanize, replace traditional forms of social organization
like tribe, sect, an d family with economically rational ones
based on function an d efficiency, and provide for the universal
education of their citizens. Such societies have become increasingly
linked with one anothe r throug h global markets an d the
spread of a universal consume r culture. Moreover, the logic of
moder n natural science would seem to dictate a universal evolution
in the direction of capitalism. Th e experiences of the Soviet
Union, China, an d othe r socialist countries indicate that while
highly centralized economies are sufficient to reach the level of
industrialization represented by Europ e in the 1950s, they ar e
woefully inadequat e in creating what have been terme d complex
"post-industrial" economies in which information an d technological
innovation play a muc h larger role.
one another: they must unify nationally on the basis of a centralizedstate, urbanize, replace traditional forms of social organizationlike tribe, sect, an d family with economically rational onesbased on function an d efficiency, and provide for the universaleducation of their citizens. Such societies have become increasinglylinked with one anothe r throug h global markets an d thespread of a universal consume r culture. Moreover, the logic ofmoder n natural science would seem to dictate a universal evolutionin the direction of capitalism. Th e experiences of the SovietUnion, China, an d othe r socialist countries indicate that whilehighly centralized economies are sufficient to reach the level ofindustrialization represented by Europ e in the 1950s, they ar ewoefully inadequat e in creating what have been terme d complex"post-industrial" economies in which information an d technologicalinnovation play a muc h larger role.
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