where xt A, yt A and zt A are the coordinates of marker A at the current time (t); xt+t A , yt+t A and zt+t A are the coordinates of the same marker at the next moment in time (t + t); vxA, vyA and vzA are components of the material velocity vector at the point A, at time t. The velocity of the Lagrangian point A can significantly change during the displacement if there is a strong spatial variation of the velocity field. In this case, a first-order advection scheme will not be very accurate. This problem can be rectified, by either using smaller time steps (t), or by using higher-order advection schemes.