Channels of communication
Mass media
Much of the research on mass media has focused on changes in intermediary indicators such as knowledge, risk perception, and self-efficacy. Reviews of this research have generally found small, but positive effects on each of these indicators. Studies have also linked mass media to reported positive behavioral outcomes such as delay of sexual debut, decreases in a number of sexual partners, increases in condom use and utilization of high throughput computing (HTC) and prevention of mother-to-child transmission services. Current research suggests that mass media is most effective when used to: Facilitate advocacy efforts and complement other community-level and interpersonal activities. Mass media
programming has been shown to produce a dose-response effect, in which higher exposure to messaging resulted in increased self reported positive behavioral change.