Properties of materials which result in spontaneous polarization, magnetization and deformation which can be controlled by an
applied electric field, magnetic field and stress are called
ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism and ferroelasticity, respectively
[1]. These properties (also called ferroic properties) have been
thoroughly studied and used widely for years in various devices
and components. But nowadays, very interesting potential
applications arises for materials which possess two or three of
ferroic properties at the same time. Those materials are usually
called multiferroic materials. Some other similar properties
(antiferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism, ferrotoroidicity) are often
also considered ferroic