Few of these methods have sufficient sensitivity and selectivity for the trace levels of mono-and tri-valence gold species in fresh water and industrial wastewater samples [7,11–15]. However, the low level of gold in drinking waters is not compatible with the detection limit and some of these methods are expensive, unselective and
require careful experimental conditions and considerable time consuming. Thus, preconcentration and separation techniques using liquid–liquid and liquid–solid are frequently required to improve the detection capability and the selectivity of these techniques [7,12–14].