was compared with two commonly used Citizenship Performance scales, Interpersonal
Facilitation and Job Dedication (Van Scotter & Motowidlo, 1996). Including these scales
not only provided a test of convergent validity; it also allowed a direct comparison of the
reliability and validity of these pre-existing scales with the unifactorial scale.
Method
Participants
Non-academic supervisors and employees of an Australian university were invited to
participate in Study 2. Academic staff were not included because of the somewhat
unusual nature of academic work and the relatively low level of supervision they
receive, making ratings of their performance behaviour problematic. Initially, a sample
of supervisors was approached and, if they were willing to participate, their staff were
also asked if they were willing. A total of 43 out of 46 supervisors and 238 out of 283
staff agreed to participate in the study. Participants were employed in a broad range of
occupations, ranging from professional accountants to semi-skilled cleaners and
caterers. The average age of participants was 38.5 years and 22.7% were male, which is
broadly similar to the average age of all employees of this university (41.5 years) and the
proportion of staff who are male (28%)