Yoghurt is a fermented milk product in which Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus are the essential
microbial species that are active in a symbiotic relationship. To obtain optimum consistency, flavour and odour, the two species
should be present in about equal numbers in the culture. Dominance by either species can cause defects. Lees Agar, described by
Lee et al (1) is used for the differential enumeration of yoghurt starter bacteria. This medium is also recommended by APHA for
the same purpose (2). Lees Agar contains sucrose, which most L. bulgaricus strains will not ferment, but S. thermophilus
will, and lactose, which both species utilize. With a suitable combination of sucrose and lactose, the rate of acid production
by S. thermophilus is enhanced and that of L. bulgaricus restricted. Therefore, Streptococci grow first and produce a
creamy, buttery aroma from diacetyl and similar metabolites. The redox potential is also thus, lowered by Streptococci, which
enables Lactobacilli to grow, thereby growth stimulatory products for Streptococci are synthesized by Lactobacilli. Hence the
typical sharp acetaldehyde flavour of mature yoghurt is formed (3).
Casein enzymic hydrolysate and yeast extract provide the essential nitrogenous nutrients to the yoghurt (lactic) starter bacteria.
Lactose and sucrose are the fermentable carbohydrates. Calcium carbonate along with dipotassium phosphate is added to buffer
the medium and avoid the drastic drop in pH due to lactic acid formation. Bromocresol purple is the pH indicator, which turns
yellow in acidic condition and imparts yellow colour to the colony. It is recommended to dry the media plates for 18-24 hours
prior to use. Refer appropriate references for standard procedures
Yoghurt is a fermented milk product in which Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus are the essentialmicrobial species that are active in a symbiotic relationship. To obtain optimum consistency, flavour and odour, the two speciesshould be present in about equal numbers in the culture. Dominance by either species can cause defects. Lees Agar, described byLee et al (1) is used for the differential enumeration of yoghurt starter bacteria. This medium is also recommended by APHA forthe same purpose (2). Lees Agar contains sucrose, which most L. bulgaricus strains will not ferment, but S. thermophiluswill, and lactose, which both species utilize. With a suitable combination of sucrose and lactose, the rate of acid productionby S. thermophilus is enhanced and that of L. bulgaricus restricted. Therefore, Streptococci grow first and produce acreamy, buttery aroma from diacetyl and similar metabolites. The redox potential is also thus, lowered by Streptococci, whichenables Lactobacilli to grow, thereby growth stimulatory products for Streptococci are synthesized by Lactobacilli. Hence thetypical sharp acetaldehyde flavour of mature yoghurt is formed (3).Casein enzymic hydrolysate and yeast extract provide the essential nitrogenous nutrients to the yoghurt (lactic) starter bacteria.Lactose and sucrose are the fermentable carbohydrates. Calcium carbonate along with dipotassium phosphate is added to bufferthe medium and avoid the drastic drop in pH due to lactic acid formation. Bromocresol purple is the pH indicator, which turnsyellow in acidic condition and imparts yellow colour to the colony. It is recommended to dry the media plates for 18-24 hoursprior to use. Refer appropriate references for standard procedures
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
