As an approach to interaction design, research through design integrates models and theories with technical knowledge in the design process. Designers first look at secondary design research, then combine it with their own up-front exploratory research, using methods such as design ethnography, contextual inquiry, observation, interviews, experience sampling methods, and diary and photo studies. Through a process of ideation, experimentation, and critique, designers then reframe the problem to arrive at the “right” solution. Of the artifacts that emerge from the design process, including sketches, drawings, models, and prototypes, the most critical is documentation, which contextualizes and communicates design action.