The aim of this study was to compare optimal pedalling velocities during maximal (OVM) and submaximal (OVSM) cycling in human, subjects with different training backgrounds. A group of 22 subjects [6 explosive (EX), 6 endurance (EN) and 10 non-specialised subjects] sprint cycled on a friction-loaded ergometer four maximal sprints lasting 6 s each followed by five 3-min periods of steady-state cycling at 150 W with pedalling frequencies varying from 40 to 120 rpm. The OVM and OVSM were defined as the velocities corresponding to the maximal power production and the lowest oxygen consumption, respectively. A significant linear relationship (r 2 = 0.52, P