Employee benefits
Wages, salaries, bonuses, social security contributions, paid annual leave and sick leave are accrued in the period in which the associated services are
rendered by employees of the group. Deferred bonus arrangements that have a vesting date more than 12 months after the period end are valued on
an actuarial basis using the projected unit credit method and amortized on a straight-line basis over the service period until the award vests. The
accounting policies for share-based payments and for pensions and other post-retirement benefits are described below.