A more preferred amount of the คีโตโปรเฟน เอสเตอร์ โพรดรัก in the composition เริ่มตั้งแต่ประมาณ 10 mg/ml to about 400 mg/ml. An even more preferred amount of the คีโตโปรเฟน
5 เอสเตอร์ โพรดรัก in the composition เริ่มตั้งแต่ประมาณ 20 mg/ml to about 300
mg/ml.
The องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน of the การประดิษฐ์นี้ is useful as an anti• inflammatory agent, anti-pyretic agent, and analgesic agent. The องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน can be used in the fields of veterinary medicine, livestock husbandry
10 . and the maintenance of public health, i.e., to ensure the safety and health of
food animals, particularly livestock, for example swine and cattle.
Systemic delivery of the คีโตโปรเฟน โพรดรัก via intramuscular injection or subcutaneous injection ensures that the entire treatment dose is delivered to the animal (i.e., cattle). The องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน can be injected into the ear or at
15 the junction of a pinna and the cranium of an animal. For example, the subcutaneous injection is administered at the junction of a pinna with the cranium using a sterile needle (e.g., 16 gauge, 1.5 to 2.0 cm) attached to a device such as a syringe, a repeating injector, a multi-dose syringe, and ที่คล้ายกัน.
The needle is directed caudal to the conchal eminence of the auricular cartilage,
20 at the proximal end of the auricular cartilage near the base of the antiscaphal
. surface, and is directed rostrally from the caudal side of the ear. Preferably, injection is caudal to the cervicoauricularis muscles, and dorsocaudal to the parotid salivary gland. Once the needle is fully inserted, the drug administrator may draw back on a syringe plunger to assure that the needle is not in a blood
25 vessel. Once in the subcutaneous tissue, an appropriate volume of the injectable องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน is expelled through the needle, and the needle is subsequently withdrawn. Preferably, direct pressure is applied to the needle insertion point to minimize backflow of the injected composition. Even though
the needle need not be inserted parallel to the skin, the method is still
30 considered a subcutaneous injection because of the short needle length and the location of the injection site.
Needle injection is the preferred method of delivery, although use of
syringes, automatic syringes, repeat-dose syringes, and injection guns can also be used in a similar manner.
Current treatment regimens, for example, Metacam® (meloxicam) is a once daily injectable for the control of อาการปวด and/or inflammation associated with arthritis. Subsequent doses should be administered 24-hours following the prior dose. Similarly, the recommended dose of flunixin meglumine injectable is once
5 daily with repeat dosing up to 5 days for a horse. In cattle, the dose can be administered once a day as a single dose or divided into two doses administered once every 12 hours for up to 3-days. คีโตโปรเฟน (Anaten") injectable is also administered by injection once daily for 1 (swine) to five (equine) days.
According to the การประดิษฐ์นี้, the องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน that
1 O ประกอบรวมด้วย at least one of the คีโตโปรเฟน เอสเตอร์ prod rugs, at least one ไตรกลีเซอไรด์ทีที, and อาจเลือกให้มี, at least one preservative, and อาจเลือกให้มี, at least one additional veterinary acceptable excipient can be used once every two, three, four, or five days, as needed. The องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน provides for the treatment of อาการปวด, inflammation, and/or fever reduction for up to 48 hours,
15 72 hours, 96 hours, and in some instances for up to 120 hours following a single injectable dose. The องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน, therefore, provides the animal with extended relief and likewise, reduces the number of injectable
การให้s by the animal caregiver.
According to the การประดิษฐ์นี้, the องค์ประกอบออกฤทธิ์ยาวนาน that
20 ประกอบรวมด้วย at least one of the คีโตโปรเฟน เอสเตอร์ prod rugs, at least one ไตรกลีเซอไรด์ทีที, and อาจเลือกให้มี, at least one preservative, and อาจเลือกให้มี, at least one additional veterinary acceptable excipient can ประกอบรวมต่อไปด้วย an additional bioactive agent, for example an antibacterial agent. There are a variety of antibacterial agents available for use in animals. These antibacterial
25 agents include, but are not limited to, the following: macrolides, for example, tulathromycin (Draxxin"), tildipirosin (Zuprevo") , tilmicosin (Micotil"), tylosin phosphate (Tylan®), and gamithromycin (Zactran"); cephalosporins, for example, ceftiofur sodium (e.g., Naxcel® and Excenel"), ceftiofur hydrochloride (e.g., Excenel RTU®, Excenel RTU EZ®, Spectrarnast"), ceftiofur crystalline free acid
30 (Excede'"), cefovecin sodium (Convenla"), and cefpodoxime proxetil
(Simplicet®);