Where D is the crystalline size, K is the shape factor which can be assigned a value of 0.89, if the shape is unknown, and is the full width at half maximum of the diffraction angle in radians. When applied to the sharp peak Eq. (1) leads to the average crystallite size of about 45 nm for n- CuPT. The structural ordering of PT was significantly improved on the micro and nano composite. The improved crystallinity in the micro and nano composites is due to the incorporation of micro and nano copper particles in the conducting polymer PT matrix. This is evident from the sharp peaks which are shown in the XRD peaks of -CuPT and n-CuPT.
3.4. SEMwithEDXanalysis
SEM was performed in order to investigate morphology of the polymers and the composites. EDAX was done to reveal the chemical composition of the samples. Fig. 4(a)–(c) shows the SEM images of PT, -CuPT and n-CuPT. The EDX spectra of PT, -CuPT and n-CuPT is shown in Fig. 5(a)–(c). The elements present in the PT, -CuPT and n-CuPT with weight percentage are shown in the Table 1, 2 and 3. The EDX result in shows that micro and nano copper was present in the composite with a weight percentage of 45 and 50%. The SEM images of PT exhibits clusters of the spherical shaped nano polymers which are revealed in Fig. 4(a). The SEM micrographs of PT reveals uneven distribution of particles. It also shows that PT chains are loosely packed. This indicates that PT is amorphous in nature. The nano composites exhibit more uniformity distribution of