Aerobic ExerciseIn 2013, Corenlissen and Smart conducted an updated meta-analysis examining the effects aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic and resistance training on BP in randomized controlled trials[45]. Among prehypertensives, the effect of aerobic exercise training on BP was significant for systolic and diastolic BP, with net reductions of 4.3 mmHg and 1.7 mmHg reported, respectively. Among normotensives, the effect of aerobic exercise training on BP was significant only for diastolic BP as a net reduction of 1.1 mmHg was reported. In a separate meta-analysis, Cornelissen and colleagues investigated the effect of aerobic exercise on daytime and nighttime BP derived from ambulatory BP monitoring[46]. Significant reductions in daytime BP were observed in normotensives (daytime ambulatory BP <135/85 mmHg) when data from 11 randomized controlled trials were pooled, with net reductions of 2.2 mmHg for systolic BP and 3.3 mmHg for diastolic BP reported. No effect was observed for nighttime BP.Also in 2013, Huang et al. conducted a meta-analysis investigating the effects of aerobic exercise training among elderly adults[47]. Pooling 23 studies, the net changes in systolic and diastolic BP were statistically significant and represented a net decrease of 5.3 mmHg and 3.7 mmHg, respectively. Four of the 23 studies included participants with hypertension, however investigators reported that results were similar when data were stratified according to hypertension status.
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