Aim: To investigate epidemiology and characteristics of chronic pain in HIV-1 positive persons.
Background: Chronic pain is vital but still understudied problem in HIV clinical practice; therefore we
have designed a study to analyse the prevalence and attributes of pain symptoms in the group of HIVpositive
patients in the Out-Patient HIV Clinic in Warsaw.
Materials and methods: During their routine visit patients were asked to fill in a general information form
and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C) form. All patients reporting
any pain were additionally asked to fill in the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) form and were subject to a brief
examination performed by a physician who afterwards completed a DN4 (Douleur Neuropathique en
4 Questions) form. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with chronic pain
occurrence.
Results: Forty nine patients completed the questionnaires. Nineteen patients (37.2%) reported chronic
pain, occurring once daily in 39.4%, and in 42.9% lasting several hours. In univariate logistic regression
analyses factors increasing the odds of chronic pain were age at the time of evaluation (OR = 1.07; 95% CI
1.02–1.08, p = 0.01), starting antiretroviral treatment with didanosine, zalcitabine and stavudine
(OR = 6.75; 1.18–38.4, p = 0.03) and last CD4+ lymphocyte count (OR = 0.99; 0.99–1.00, p = 0.07). After
adjusting for the three above only age at the evaluation time remained significant factor increasing the
odds of experiencing chronic pain (OR = 1.07 [1.01–1.13]; p = 0.03).
Conclusion: Almost 40% of respondents reported chronic pain. We have found a strong correlation
between age and chronic pain in the HIV infected population with the 7% increase in the odds of
experiencing pain with each year of age
Aim: To investigate epidemiology and characteristics of chronic pain in HIV-1 positive persons.Background: Chronic pain is vital but still understudied problem in HIV clinical practice; therefore wehave designed a study to analyse the prevalence and attributes of pain symptoms in the group of HIVpositivepatients in the Out-Patient HIV Clinic in Warsaw.Materials and methods: During their routine visit patients were asked to fill in a general information formand the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C) form. All patients reportingany pain were additionally asked to fill in the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) form and were subject to a briefexamination performed by a physician who afterwards completed a DN4 (Douleur Neuropathique en4 Questions) form. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with chronic painoccurrence.Results: Forty nine patients completed the questionnaires. Nineteen patients (37.2%) reported chronicpain, occurring once daily in 39.4%, and in 42.9% lasting several hours. In univariate logistic regressionanalyses factors increasing the odds of chronic pain were age at the time of evaluation (OR = 1.07; 95% CI1.02–1.08, p = 0.01), starting antiretroviral treatment with didanosine, zalcitabine and stavudine(OR = 6.75; 1.18–38.4, p = 0.03) and last CD4+ lymphocyte count (OR = 0.99; 0.99–1.00, p = 0.07). Afteradjusting for the three above only age at the evaluation time remained significant factor increasing theodds of experiencing chronic pain (OR = 1.07 [1.01–1.13]; p = 0.03).Conclusion: Almost 40% of respondents reported chronic pain. We have found a strong correlationbetween age and chronic pain in the HIV infected population with the 7% increase in the odds ofexperiencing pain with each year of age
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