Advancementofsocieties,andin partic

Advancementofsocieties,andin particularintheirabilityto
sustainlargerpopulations,arecloselyrelatedtochangesinthe
amountandtypeofenergyavailabletosatisfyhumanneedsfor
nourishmentandtoperformwork [1]. Lowaccesstoenergyis
anaspectofpoverty.Energy,andinparticularelectricity,is
indeedcrucialtoprovideadequateservicessuchaswater,food,
healthcare,education,employmentandcommunication.To
date,themajorityofenergyconsumedbyoursocietieshas
comefromfossilandnuclearfuels,whicharenowfacingsevere
issues suchassecurityofsupply,economicaffordability,envir-
onmentalsustainabilityanddisasterrisks.
Toaddresstheseproblems,majorcountriesareenactingenergy
policies focusedontheincreaseinthedeploymentofrenewable
energy technologies.Inparticular:

Since 1992,topreventthemostsevereimpactsofclimate
change,theUnitedNationsmemberstatesarecommittedto
a drasticreductioningreenhousegasemissionsbelowthe
1990levels.

In September2009,bothEuropeanUnionandG8leaders
agreedthatcarbondioxideemissionsshouldbecutby80%
before2050 [2].
IntheEuropeanUnion(EU),compulsoryimplementationof
suchacommitmentisoccurringviatheKyotoProtocol,which
bounded15EUmemberstoreducetheircollectiveemissionsby
8% inthe2008–2012period,andthe ‘ClimateEnergyPackage
(the 20–20–20 targets)’, whichobligesEUtocutitsown
emissionsbyatleast20%by2020.
Inthiscontext,inthelastdecadestherehasbeenafast
growthandspreadofrenewableenergyplants.Amongthem,
windgeneratorsarethemostwidespreadtypeofintermittent
renewableenergyharvesterswiththeir369GWofcumulative
installedpowerattheendof2014 [3]. Windcapacity,i.e.total
installedpower,iskeepingapositivetrendwithanincrementof
51.4GWin2014.Inthefuture,suchagrowthcoulddecreasedue
tosaturationofin-landwindyareasthataresuitablefor
installations. Forthisreason,currentresearchprogramsare
orientedtotheimprovementofpowercapacityperunitofland
area.Thistranslatestotheglobalindustrialtrendofdeveloping
Fig.

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

Advancementofsocieties, andin particularintheirabilitytosustainlargerpopulations, arecloselyrelatedtochangesintheamountandtypeofenergyavailabletosatisfyhumanneedsfornourishmentandtoperformwork [1] Lowaccesstoenergyisanaspectofpoverty เป็นพลังงาน andinparticularelectricityindeedcrucialtoprovideadequateservicessuchaswater อาหารสุขภาพ การศึกษา employmentandcommunication ถึงวัน themajorityofenergyconsumedbyoursocietieshascomefromfossilandnuclearfuels, whicharenowfacingsevereปัญหา suchassecurityofsupply, economicaffordability, envir-onmentalsustainabilityanddisasterrisksToaddresstheseproblems, majorcountriesareenactingenergyfocusedontheincreaseinthedeploymentofrenewable นโยบายเทคโนโลยีพลังงาน Inparticular:ตั้งแต่ปี 1992, topreventthemostsevereimpactsofclimateเปลี่ยนแปลง theUnitedNationsmemberstatesarecommittedtodrasticreductioningreenhousegasemissionsbelowthe การ1990levelsใน September2009, bothEuropeanUnionandG8leadersagreedthatcarbondioxideemissionsshouldbecutby80%before2050 [2]IntheEuropeanUnion (EU), compulsoryimplementationofsuchacommitmentisoccurringviatheKyotoProtocol ซึ่งbounded15EUmemberstoreducetheircollectiveemissionsbyinthe2008 – 2012period 8% และ ' ClimateEnergyPackage(20 – 20 – 20 เป้าหมาย)', whichobligesEUtocutitsownemissionsbyatleast20% by2020Inthiscontext, inthelastdecadestherehasbeenafastgrowthandspreadofrenewableenergyplants Amongthemwindgeneratorsarethemostwidespreadtypeofintermittentrenewableenergyharvesterswiththeir369GWofcumulativeinstalledpowerattheendof2014 [3] Windcapacity,i.e.totalinstalledpower, iskeepingapositivetrendwithanincrementof51.4GWin2014.Inthefuture, suchagrowthcoulddecreaseduetosaturationofin-landwindyareasthataresuitableforติดตั้ง Forthisreason, currentresearchprogramsareorientedtotheimprovementofpowercapacityperunitoflandที่ตั้ง Thistranslatestotheglobalindustrialtrendofdevelopingฟิก

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

Advancementofsocieties, andin [1] focusedontheincreaseinthedeploymentofrenewable technologies.Inparticular พลังงาน:? ตั้งแต่ปี 1992 topreventthemostsevereimpactsofclimate เปลี่ยนแปลง theUnitedNationsmemberstatesarecommittedto drasticreductioningreenhousegasemissionsbelowthe 1990levels.? ใน inthe2008-2012period, andthe 'ClimateEnergyPackage (คน 20-20-20 เป้าหมาย)' [3]

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 3:

advancementofsocieties และ particularintheirabilityto sustainlargerpopulations arecloselyrelatedtochangesinthe

,
nourishmentandtoperformwork amountandtypeofenergyavailabletosatisfyhumanneedsfor [ 1 ] lowaccesstoenergyis
anaspectofpoverty . พลังงาน andinparticularelectricity เป็น

indeedcrucialtoprovideadequateservicessuchaswater , อาหาร , สุขภาพ , การศึกษา , employmentandcommunication .

วันที่themajorityofenergyconsumedbyoursocietieshas

comefromfossilandnuclearfuels whicharenowfacingsevere suchassecurityofsupply economicaffordability , ปัญหา , , onmentalsustainabilityanddisasterrisks envir -
.
toaddresstheseproblems majorcountriesareenactingenergy

focusedontheincreaseinthedeploymentofrenewable , นโยบายพลังงาน เทคโนโลยี โดย :

topreventthemostsevereimpactsofclimate
ตั้งแต่ปี 1992เปลี่ยนเป็น drasticreductioningreenhousegasemissionsbelowthe theunitednationsmemberstatesarecommittedto

1990levels .

ใน september2009 botheuropeanunionandg8leaders agreedthatcarbondioxideemissionsshouldbecutby80 ,
%
before2050 [ 2 ] .
intheeuropeanunion ( ยุโรป ) , compulsoryimplementationof


bounded15eumemberstoreducetheircollectiveemissionsby suchacommitmentisoccurringviathekyotoprotocol ซึ่ง8 % inthe2008 – 2012period และ ' climateenergypackage
( 20 – 20 – 20 เป้าหมาย ) ' whichobligeseutocutitsown
emissionsbyatleast20 % by2020 inthiscontext inthelastdecadestherehasbeenafast .
,
growthandspreadofrenewableenergyplants . amongthem


, windgeneratorsarethemostwidespreadtypeofintermittent renewableenergyharvesterswiththeir369gwofcumulative installedpowerattheendof2014 [ 3 ] windcapacity i.e.total
,installedpower iskeepingapositivetrendwithanincrementof
, 51.4gwin2014 . inthefuture suchagrowthcoulddecreasedue landwindyareasthataresuitablefor

tosaturationofin , การติดตั้ง forthisreason currentresearchprogramsare
,

รูป thistranslatestotheglobalindustrialtrendofdeveloping orientedtotheimprovementofpowercapacityperunitofland พื้นที่