The ultimate aim of launching mass literacy campaigns by the Federal Government of Nigeria in September 1982 was to eradicate illiteracy in Nigeria by the year 2000. Subsequently, several agencies such as the National Commission for Mass Literacy, Adult and Non-Formal Education and the Agency for Mass Literacy were established to achieve this objective. In addition, fundraising and other literacy promotion activities were organized to give visibility to the campaign program. However, the library has not been considered as an important agent for promoting mass literacy campaigns. The library could and should be a useful instrument of such campaigns. The roles of the library in the promotion of literacy are discussed and strategies to adopt for using the library for mass literacy campaigns in Nigeria are suggested.