Normal pregnancy is also associated with changes in traditional cardiovascular
risk factors with relative insulin resistance and increase in triglycerides,
total cholesterol (predominately LDL), phospholipids, and
free fatty acids, all of which are thought to benefit foetal growth. In
normal pregnancy, blood pressure begins to decrease as early as 7
weeks of gestation until 32 weeks when it gradually increases back
to normal. The decrease in blood pressure is thought to be secondary
to low resistance flow in the placenta as well as hormonal factors
causing dilation such as oestrogen, progesterone, prostaglandin, prolactin,
prostacyclin, and relaxin, and increased production of nitric oxide.13
Normal pregnancy is thought to be a state of ‘mild-controlled inflammation’
and pre-eclampsia a state of exaggerated inflammatory response.14
In contrast to normal pregnancy, the inflammatory response during preeclampsia
becomes uncontrolled and in addition to the well-known
hypertensive and proteinuric complications, it is also associated with
exaggerated insulin resistance and worsened lipid profile and is sometimes
referred to as the metabolic syndrome of pregnancy.
Normal pregnancy is also associated with changes in traditional cardiovascularrisk factors with relative insulin resistance and increase in triglycerides,total cholesterol (predominately LDL), phospholipids, andfree fatty acids, all of which are thought to benefit foetal growth. Innormal pregnancy, blood pressure begins to decrease as early as 7weeks of gestation until 32 weeks when it gradually increases backto normal. The decrease in blood pressure is thought to be secondaryto low resistance flow in the placenta as well as hormonal factorscausing dilation such as oestrogen, progesterone, prostaglandin, prolactin,prostacyclin, and relaxin, and increased production of nitric oxide.13Normal pregnancy is thought to be a state of ‘mild-controlled inflammation’and pre-eclampsia a state of exaggerated inflammatory response.14In contrast to normal pregnancy, the inflammatory response during preeclampsiabecomes uncontrolled and in addition to the well-knownhypertensive and proteinuric complications, it is also associated withexaggerated insulin resistance and worsened lipid profile and is sometimesreferred to as the metabolic syndrome of pregnancy.
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