Procedures
Preparatory Activities Visual diagrams of the measurement positions and warm-up exercises were presented to participants prior to testing.
The purpose of the warm-up was to ensure participant safety and to facilitate consistency of the data being tested.
The warm-up required approximately 3 minutes total time and consisted of two supervised exercises including pendulums and standing scapular retractions, neither of which were believed to offer a mobilization effect.
The warm-up was repeated between testing sessions for consistency.
Each participant was required to perform the same warm-up for consistency; however, to the authors’ knowledge there is neither a benefit nor detriment to performing a warm-up.