Figure 1. Histopathologic findings in mice. (A) Duodenum of a control mouse illustrating the appearance of the normal crypt epithelium (n) in an
untreated animal (Thompson et al. 2011). (B) Duodenal findings in this sodium dichromate dihydrate (SDD)-treated mouse included moderate
histiocytic infiltrates (i), moderate villus atrophy and blunting, moderate villus enterocyte vacuolation (v), minimal single-cell necrosis in villi, and
moderate crypt epithelial hyperplasia (h). Female mouse exposed to 520 mg/L SDD for 13 weeks from Thompson et al. (2011). (C) Duodenal
villus atrophy and blunting in this NTP mouse are comparable to changes described in the duodenum in (B), except that crypt epithelial hyperplasia
(h) was slightly less florid, and enterocyte vacuolation was not apparent, (i) histiocytic infiltrates. Female mouse exposed to 1,000 mg/L SDD for 13
weeks from NTP (2007). (D) Duodenal single-cell necrosis of the villi (arrows) is apparent in this high-magnification view and inset. Such necrosis
was not observed in duodena of control mice. Histiocytic infiltrates (i) occasionally formed syncytia, as in this case. Male mouse exposed to 257.4
mg/L SDD for 2 years from NTP (2008b). All staining is H&E.