The greatest intense in Thailand’s recent history comes through national reconciliation. Many conflicts and situations are the big challenge that Thai people have to facing with. The government also confronts the difficult tasks of implementing the recommendations proposed by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Thailand to promote true national reconciliation. Additionally, there is the need to address the conflict in the south from a multi-disciplinary perspective. In this regard, the new national Security strategy for the south, drawn up by the current government and embodied in the so-called Pentagon II plan, represents an attempt to improve the coordination of all government agencies involved in security and service provision in the region, but it also presents certain contradictions with its policy for the opening of peace talks. We can infer from this a lack of adequate strategic and operational reflection based on proactive analysis which may favor an efficient response to the escalating violence in the region. Based on all of the above, Thailand's role in the upholding of regional order and achieving a balance in relation to China's economic and military rise in power may prove to be a key factor over the coming years. It may overcome the aforementioned challenge of affectively achieve government in Thailand.