The lead can be oxidised by two processes: The Barton pot and the ball mill.
The simplest cell would consist of one cathode plate, one anode plate and a separator between them. In practice, most cells contain up to 30 plates with separators between. The separators are usually cellulose, PVC, rubber, microporous polyethylene or non-woven polypropylene. The plates are stacked and welded together. The tabs that are fixed to the plates are cast, then punched on between the layers and welded together. The plates are suspended inside the case, which is filled with electrolyte in order to activate it.