Cooling towers employ either gravity distribution or pressurized spray systems to distribute water over the fill. Gravity systems, employed on BAC’s crossflow cooling towers, feature hot water basins mounted on top of the tower above the fill. A series of spray nozzles in each hot water basin distribute the water evenly over the fill. Gravity distribution systems generally require minimal pump head, can be inspected while the unit is in operation and are easy to access for routine maintenance and service.
Spray distribution systems, employed on counterflow cooling towers, feature a series of PVC branches or pipes fitted with spray nozzles mounted inside the tower above the fill. These systems typically require 2 to 7 psi water pressure at the water inlet and require the unit to be out of service for inspection and maintenance.