The only example of when immediate is described as within 5 minutes is in the unusual circumstance that a surveyor directly observes a birth. If the surveyor observes that skin-to-skin care begins within 5 minutes, it is categorized asimmediate. The unintended consequence of applying within 5 minutes to all births is that skin-to-skin care is often unnecessarily delayed for the convenience of staff to provide routine care such as assessing a healthy newborn under a radiant warmer or obtaining a birth weight. This delay occurs despite overwhelming evidence in support of immediate skin-to-skincare and the research showing the dose-response effect.